This is different from when the person starts to show the symptoms of OCD. With time, one may have a stronger urge to act on their recurring thoughts, and the frequency of these thoughts developing in their mind may also increase with time. In certain cases, OCD can become a cause of greater stress and anxiety in a patient, which may worsen over time, and cause other disorders in the body as well.
Stress can induce unhealthy physical patterns and eating habits, cause issues related to the heart, mind or blood pressure. Without proper treatment, an individual may also develop self harming tendencies, and be of danger to their own life and well-being. In some cases, it has been seen that a patient may also develop mental thoughts to provoke them to take their own lives.
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People with OCD will fear infection or disease from certain triggers. Intrusive, and disturbing sexual images are another common obsession with OCD sufferers. These obsessions can be incredibly debilitating, distressing, and embarrassing. Some people with OCD may have a preoccupation with God or other religious themes. They may become obsessive about morality and fear committing blasphemous acts. In cases of obsessions regarding contamination, many people with OCD will engage in ceremonial hand washing, bathing, or grooming techniques.
They may clean their homes or other objects several times over if they fear their body or possessions are contaminated. These rituals can take up a lot of time and prevent people from engaging in valuable activities they may need to perform or otherwise enjoy. OCD sufferers will often engage in repetitive behaviors, such as tapping a body part or repeating a word or an action to alleviate disturbing mental imagery. Counting while performing a task to a number that is deemed good or safe is another common compulsion.
Sufferers may repeat certain body movements, such as waving their arms a certain way. They may have to put objects in order a specific way or touch something in a pattern to alleviate anxiety. In cases of religious obsessions, they may pray compulsively to prevent harm or something terrible from happening when triggered. Left untreated, OCD can lead to other severe mental health conditions, such as anxiety and panic attacks, and depression.
Untreated mental health conditions are also a significant source of drug and alcohol addiction. People will often turn to drugs or alcohol to cope with the distress of an untreated mental disorder. They can miss school, work, and their personal and professional relationships can suffer under the weight of an untreated mental health condition.
Intrusive, disturbing thoughts, and the pressure and subsequent exhaustion that a person feels after performing compulsions leads them to isolate themselves socially. Social isolation makes it harder for people to seek help from others and may prolong the negative impacts of the disease. OCD can also cause someone to avoid certain situations or places that can trigger an obsession. Isolation and loneliness can lead to depression.
Suffering from untreated OCD can cause feelings of powerlessness, and loss of control. It is common for sufferers of OCD and their loved ones to experience anger related to the disorder. Family members and friends who do not understand the disease may blame the sufferer, which can also fuel the cycle of isolation, loneliness, and depression. Resentment on behalf of the sufferer and loved ones can also prevent the OCD sufferer from getting the help they need.
For people with OCD, their family members may not understand that it is a treatable mental disorder. There is a risk that loved ones may engage in enabling behaviors. The mental toll that obsessions can take on a person can also make it difficult to concentrate and perform at a job. One study found that people with OCD lost an average of 46 workdays per year due to their symptoms. Often, symptoms of OCD result in social isolation, where a person cuts themselves off from the world and the people in their life.
This can lead to severe depression or other mental health conditions. At its most severe, OCD can lead to suicidal ideation or action. This can happen when the symptoms of OCD have fully taken a hold on a person and their entire life revolves around responding to OCD obsessions and compulsions. The depression a person can feel from devoting their entire life to managing a disorder they do not have control over can be devastating to the point of taking their own life.
The good news is that effective treatment is available for OCD. The best form of treatment is therapy, specifically exposure and response prevention ERP therapy. And for people that need additional support, there are other treatment methods: Medication is frequently used in addition to ERP, and in some severe cases, patients may require surgical procedures like deep brain stimulation.
However, exploring surgery is generally a last resort. Keara E. Valentine, Psy. Secondary Issues OCD sufferers have also known to display secondary harmful behaviors such as hoarding, hair pulling, skin picking, anorexia, or bulimia.
These behaviors can cause irreparable damage to the body if left untreated. Generally, OCD behaviors are accompanied by dysfunctional beliefs. To help cope with the stresses of OCD, some people will abuse drugs or alcohol and develop a dependency on these substances. This can lead to a whole host of secondary issues, such as liver failure, neurological problems, and even death.
In extreme cases, OCD sufferers may think about or attempt suicide to end their symptoms. However, if symptoms are extreme, physicians can prescribe medications that help balance the serotonin levels in the brain while the patient practices their cognitive behavioral therapy as well.
Deep brain stimulation can also be helpful for people who have severe OCD. If co-occurring disorders are also present with the OCD symptoms, a physician may want to help the patient find the root cause, if one is present. For instance, a traumatic event could have caused OCD symptoms along with major depression or anxiety. Finding the root cause may help the individual solve the issues quicker than tackling each on their own.
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