Colligative Properties of Solutions. Retrieved September 6, For information on Avogadro's number and molecular weight, see: Lachish, U. Avogadro's Number, Atomic and Molecular Weight. To try a simulated experiment on freezing point depression or boiling point elevation, see this resource note that it is a Flash animation that requires browser plug-in : Greenbowe, T.
Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University. Retrieved accessed September 6, Note: A computerized matching algorithm suggests the above articles.
It's not as smart as you are, and it may occasionally give humorous, ridiculous, or even annoying results! Learn more about the News Feed. Materials and Equipment Science Buddies' recommended supplies for this project can be found at Amazon.
They should all be the same size and shape. You will want an empty shelf that can hold all four bowls, unstacked, at the same time. Large cup with a spout, such as some measuring cups. Alternatively you could use a funnel that fits in the graduated cylinder. Get printable templates for each section of your display board. Save time with preformatted data tables and pre-set font sizes that look good on a display board.
Just enter your project information and data, print, and attach to the display board! Get Details Figure 1. You will need these household materials, and access to a refrigerator, to do this science project.
If you want to label the bowls, you will also need masking tape and a permanent marker. Experimental Procedure Tip: As you do your experiment, take a few pictures of yourself in action and of your experimental setup.
Get the salt, sugar, sand, and measuring teaspoon ready to use nearby. Once you have set up the ice cubes in their bowls, you will want to quickly add the substances to the ice cubes so that they do not melt before adding the substances.
Into each of the four bowls, quickly place three ice cubes. Arrange the ice cubes so that only the corners are touching, forming a triangular shape, as shown in Figure 2, below.
Tip: If you are using ice cubes from a tray, it helps to let the tray sit at room temperature a little for about five minutes so that the ice cubes more easily come out of the tray and do not break into pieces. Figure 2. Arrange three ice cubes in each bowl so that just the corners of the ice cubes touch each other. Figure 3. Sprinkle salt, sugar, sand, or nothing over the ice cubes in each bowl.
Make a data table like this one in your lab notebook to record your results in. Note that the liquid measurements should be recorded in milliliters mL. Log in to add favorite More Menu Read More. Chemical Technician. Variations Does the melting rate depend on the amount of solute added? Design an experiment to find out.
Investigate the effect of temperature on how colligative properties melt the ice cubes. To do this, try your experiment at different temperatures, such as room temperature or outside on a hot day. Be sure to monitor the temperature regularly throughout your experiment. Do other substances help melt the ice cubes more quickly or slowly? Identify some substances to try and then repeat this experiment.
For a related, more advanced experiment on freezing point depression, see the Science Buddies project Chemistry of Ice-Cream Making: Lowering the Freezing Point of Water Do you think salt would melt ice in your freezer? Why or why not? Try it and find out. View feedback on this project from other users. Ask them about their experiences with ice. Where do they find it? In their freezers. How cold is the freezer? Have they ever observed ice freezing outside?
What was the temperature? The children may not know the numerical answer, but they will discover it in the activity. Explain to the children that this is called the "Freezing Point" of water. Ask the children to make predictions about the melting point of ice. At what temperature do they think ice melts? Again, the children may or may not know.
Invite the children to think about their experiences. Would ice melt on a hot summer day outside in the Sun? What might that warm outside temperature be? Would it melt in the room in which the children are at this moment? Probably hopefully! To make it melt even faster this way, try rubbing your hands together really fast before holding the ice cube.
When you rub your hands together fast, you create friction which adds more heat through an increased temperature! Another way you can generate more heat and a higher temperature is to rub the ice cube on a piece of cloth. How about placing the ice cube on a dark piece of cloth or paper and placing it in sunlight? Dark colors retain heat from sunlight better than light colors which is why you might feel hotter wearing a dark t-shirt in the middle of a hot summer day!
Finally, we know another way to melt ice quickly is with salt which we discovered in the first experiment above! Click below to get your quick and easy scientific method sheets.
In this third experiment, you will investigate with how you can keep ice from melting. The challenge is to see how slowly you can keep the ice from melting by reducing the amount of heat or energy that surrounds the ice.
This can also be done individually or in small groups. Remember, if you do choose to use the small group format, make sure to allow for time for the kids to brainstorm ideas together. There are quite a few items that can be potentially used for this ice STEM challenge!
Check out the recycling bin, junk drawer, garage, and more. This is also where our dollar store engineering kit comes in handy. You can use the items you have available for a budget-friendly STEM challenge.
STEP 1: Brainstorm. What are the best materials available to keep the ice from melting? STEP 2: Decide what materials or combination of materials you want to use to keep your ice cubes from melting by insulating them! Create one or more insulated containers to test your ideas. You can choose a specific amount of time for this portion of the project or split the STEM challenge up over several days.
STEP 3: When all the insulated containers are finished, place an ice cube in a small zip-top plastic bag and then place it in the insulated container. Make sure to put the lids on! TIP: As a control, you will want to place a zip-top bag, with an ice cube into it, in a similar container that is not insulated.
This control container is for comparison. By creating a control, you make it possible to determine whether the materials variables you chose are responsible for the outcome! STEP 4: Place all the containers in a cool dry place away from a heat source or direct sunlight. No extra energy is needed here! STEP 5: Check your containers every 10 minutes. Notice any differences Record your o0bservationsuntil all of the ice is completely melted.
Make sure you do not handle the ice or remove the ice from the container while you make your observations.
Everyone knows that when you remove ice from the freezer, it will melt over time. The air around the ice cubes is usually warmer than the ice and it causes the ice solid to change into water liquid. States of matter too!
So, if you do not want the ice to melt, you need to keep the warm air heat energy away from the ice by using an insulating material. Some great insulators just for a hint are felt, newspaper, and wool. Insulation prevents the transfer of heat to the ice so the ice crystals stay icy and cold longer.
0コメント